Final Class Experiment

For the final class experiment I choose the experiment called Temperature and Heating Lab : Radiation and Color. The group leader explained that this experiment was done in order to see what color paint would be the most efficient in absorbing radiation and creating a low temperature for the household. This system would be used in the summer. To test out this theory the group brought four thermometers, markers in four colors, a lamp and a timer. What we had to do was color the outer shell of the thermometer case with the marker. Then we put them directly underneath the lamp for 20 minutes. The thermometers were set at 27 degrees. Afterward we checked the temperature to see which one had the lowest temperature and would be the most efficient. Going into the experiment, I hypothesized that the black thermometer would be the most efficient because it does not have a reflection. To my surprise the most efficient turned out to be the green thermometer. The black had a temperature of 42 degrees Fahrenheit and green had a temperature of 40 degrees Fahrenheit. turns out that green is in the middle of the color spectrum, therefore the properties of absorption and reflection are leveled to create a steady temperature. I never thought that a specific color could effect the temperature of a house. It was very interesting to me. I think that this concept could work, but it would have to be put into place, in an area of constant heat. Anywhere, that has a change in season would need a change in temperature. In winter the house would always be cold. Coal and other methods of heat production would be used. This would effect the environment and defeat the purpose of painting for a "greener" house. The good news is that it can be used in some parts of the world. Some areas have now started to paint their roofs with what are called "cooling colors". These are green, red, and black. They have used different materials, like aluminum to cool down the houses. It is a very fascinating process, which is why I decided to try out this experiment.

Fruit/Battery Experiment (Final Project)

Fruit/Battery Experiment

We utilize all sorts of batteries throughout our everyday lives. Cars, cellphones, and digital watches are all powered by some sort of battery. With that said, we were curious what kind of basic principles create a “battery.” A battery is a container that consists of one or more cells that produce an electro-chemical reaction when connected to a device. The experiment we chose was to create a battery out of a fruit (lemons, limes, oranges, bananas) using carbon as the constant element and switching out various conductive metals (zinc, copper, iron) as the second element. We hypothesized that the lemon would have the highest pH level and thus would generate the highest amount of voltage. Conversely, we had guessed that a banana would produce the least amount of voltage. For the experiment, we utilized a multi-meter to measure the voltage of each fruit and metal combination. Our results were fairly surprising. On average, copper was the least conductive metal – generating only .1 volts when implanted in a lemon. The galvanized (zinc-coated) nail produced the highest readings – producing .84 volts when implanted in an orange. The most surprising aspect of our findings was that the banana produced fairly high readings on the multi-meter. This is because the ascorbic acid found in a ripe banana tends to have a fairly higher pH level than the citric acids found in the other fruits.

   
The basic principle behind creating the 

voltage is a transfer of electrons in a process known as oxidation. While zinc is entering the acidic solution, two positively charged hydrogen ions from the electrolyte combine with two electrons at the carbon’s surface and form an uncharged hydrogen molecule.

The reasoning behind conducting this experiment is to see if the acquired voltages would be adequate enough to power a small device. For instance, a small flashlight requires roughly 1.5 volts. The highest voltage we recorded was created by citric acid from the orange and the zinc-coated nail. The voltage was .84. We realized that this method was not successful in powering a device, however if we were to implant a higher amount of zinc – the voltage would likely be high enough to power a small flashlight.

Group: 
Brian Brewster, Kim Wallace, Joe Cesaro, Joe Scolley